国产磨芋属的染色体核型报道(1)

本文报道了磨芋属(Amorphophallus Blume)六个种的染色体数目和核型,其中5个种属于首次报道。其核型公式如下: 1.滇磨芋 K(2n)=2x=26=26m.2.磨芋 K(2n)=2x=26=26m.3.攸落磨芋K(2n)=2x=26=22m(2SAT)+4sm.(2SAT).4.西盟磨芋 K(2n)=2x=26=20m+4sm+2st.5.勐海磨芋 K(2n)=2x=26=22m+4sm.6.白磨芋 K(2n)=2x=26=20m(2SAT)+6sm。     

In vitro tuberization in white yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir)

Nodal cuttings of white yam were induced to produce microtubers on a MS-revised medium supplemented with various concentrations of sucrose, 20 mgl^–1 L-cysteine, 0.5 mgl^–1 kinetin and 0.7% agar. The frequency of tuberization was affected by the daylength, which is optimal at 12 and 16 h of light depending on the sucrose concentration. The microtubers were planted in a seed bed and grown to maturity. The importance of in vitro tuberization of yam as a means of international germplasm distribution or exchange as well as for the propagation of planting material is discussed.     

重楼属植物的化学数量分类学研究

重楼属植物是重要的药用植物。从1938年起,国内外科学家对它们的化学成分和药用价值已经进行了40多年的研究。我所从重楼属植物中分离鉴定了16个不同的甾体皂甙。本文利用高压液相色谱对重楼属植物甾体皂甙的定性和定量分析结果,根据L. B. Thien, W. H. Heimermann, R. T. Holman植物化学成分间的数量关系计算公式,对14种重楼的三组甾体皂甙含量进行计算,得出这14种重楼化学成分之间的数量关系,并画出数量关系图。     

The carboxy-terminal 41 amino acids of herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein B are not essential for production of infectious virus particles.

Glycoprotein B (gB) is a virally encoded protein that is found in the envelope of herpes simplex virus type 1 and membranes of cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1. It is essential for the production of infectious virus particles. An amber mutation was introduced into the gB gene by oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis at the codon for amino acid 863 of the protein. Virus carrying this mutation should synthesize gB molecules lacking the last 41 amino acids of the cytoplasmic domain. Immunoprecipitation of infected cell extracts demonstrated the synthesis of appropriately truncated gB molecules. Characterization of the mutant virus indicated that the loss of the carboxy-terminal 41 amino acids has little effect on gB function.     

从“湖北光敏感核不育水稻”的未受精子房和花药培养出单倍体植株

采用10种诱导培养基,培养湖北光敏感核不育水稻农垦58品种的未受精子房和花药。共培养未受精子房2790个,获得胚囊愈伤组织17块,最高诱导频率达3.33%,其中2块分化出绿苗。培养花药16740个,获得花药愈伤组织15块,最高诱导频率为0.92%,其中3块分化出苗,2丛白苗,1株绿苗。胚囊植株和花粉植株经根尖染色体检查为单倍体,2n=x=12。实验证明,液体培养、2,4-D0.2-0.5 mg/1、低温预处理对诱导胚囊愈伤组织及花粉愈伤组织的形成具良好效果。     

胶茶群落及胶林、茶园太阳辐射光谱的研究

1983—1985年,我们进行了胶茶人工群落及胶林、茶园对太阳辐射光谱吸收利用状况的探索研究。着重对可见光谱区的两个吸收带,4000—5000(?)(蓝紫光)、6000—7600A(红橙光)以及红外光谱区的10000—13200(?)(近红外)、14800—18000(?)(远红外)进行了分析讨论,以期从生态和生理的角度阐明群落结构比单一结构的优越性及其对胶、茶产量和品质的影响。     

在大肠杆菌中人腺病毒5型及昆虫核多角体病毒晚期启动子表达CAT基因

本文证明,含有人5型腺病毒及苜蓿丫纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒(AutograPha californica Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus, AcNPV)启动子的DNA片段,可在大肠杆菌中起始氯霉素乙酰基转移酶(Chloramphenicol Acetyltransferase,CAT)基因的转录和表达,使转化宿主菌表现为氯霉素抗性型。这说明,除痘苗病毒启动子外,其它人类病毒及昆虫病毒的启动子也能有效地在大肠杆菌中工作。     

中水技术污水处理工艺去除病毒的效果

中水技术开发既可缓解水资源的紧缺,又能改善城市环境。本文报道用石英粉吸附/洗脱和浓缩棒脱水的二步浓集水病毒技术(回收率为25.4～37.3％),研究中水技术不同处理工艺去除病毒的效果。结果,二级处理可去除掺入病毒的98.9％,结合三级处理的混凝沉淀和过滤,可去除99.976％,再加活性炭吸附或加氯消毒,所得中水分别去除掺入病毒的99.986％和99.991％。经首都机场中水道试验厂水样检测表明,中水中未检测到病毒(<0.23PFU/L)。     

Hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine is stimulated by Ras proteins during mitogenic signal transduction.

We have used a dominant inhibitory ras mutant (Ha-ras Asn-17) to investigate the relationship of Ras proteins to hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine (PC) in the transduction of mitogenic signals. Expression of Ha-Ras Asn-17 inhibited NIH 3T3 cell proliferation induced by polypeptide growth factors or phorbol esters. In contrast, the mitogenic activity of PC-specific phospholipase C (PC-PLC) was not inhibited by Ha-Ras Asn-17 expression. Similarly, cotransfection with a cloned PC-PLC gene bypassed the block to NIH 3T3 cell proliferation resulting from expression of the inhibitory ras mutant. Hydrolysis of PC can therefore induce cell proliferation in the absence of normal Ras activity, suggesting that PC-derived second messengers may act downstream of Ras in mitogenic signal transduction. This was substantiated by the finding that Ha-Ras Asn-17 expression inhibited growth factor-stimulated hydrolysis of PC. Taken together, these results indicate that PC hydrolysis is a target of Ras during the transduction of growth factor-initiated mitogenic signals.